Kyrgyzstan’s Resurgence of Traditional Names in Wake of De-Russification
Kyrgyzstan is promoting traditional names through recent legislative changes, pushing citizens to reclaim national identity by choosing cultural surnames. Despite this rise in traditional naming, many still use Russified names out of practicality, especially among migrant populations. A broader trend exists in Central Asia to rename Soviet-era locations as countries reassess their identities in light of regional tensions.
Nurlanbek Turgunbekovich Shakiev, a prominent figure in Kyrgyzstan, recently changed his surname to Turgunbek uuly, reflecting a push for traditional names. He expressed that this decision, rooted in a long-held aspiration, promotes national identity, language, and culture too. Kyrgyzstan’s parliament has adopted a bill promoting traditional Kyrgyz surnames, allowing citizens to choose names that align with their cultural heritage, such as unisex suffixes like -tegi.
The trend to adopt traditional names surged after the Soviet Union’s dissolution in 1991 but waned due to economic hardships that drove many Central Asians to use Russified surnames for easier assimilation in Russia. However, following recent geopolitical tensions, including Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, there is a renewed interest in reclaiming traditional names. In the early 2000s, many Kyrgyz citizens transitioned from Russian suffixes (-ov/-ev) to Kyrgyz ones like -uuly and -kyzy.
Kyrgyz citizens can still opt for Russified last names, and the new bill allows diverse patronymic forms resonating with national customs. Tajikistan stands unique as the only Central Asian nation that outlawed Russian-style surnames in 2016, mandating “pure” Tajik names. Traditional naming conventions have been more accepted in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, where younger generations favor national identities despite keeping some Russified names.
A broader movement throughout Central Asia is underway to rename Soviet-era geographical locations, with Kazakhstan initiating a roadmap to replace what are perceived as “ideologically obsolete” names. However, these initiatives have raised alarms in Moscow, with Russian lawmakers fiercely opposing Kyrgyzstani efforts to rename historical districts.
Experts indicate that the revival of traditional names reflects deep-rooted desires to restore national identities oppressed for years. While some embrace the movement, others like a Tajik student in Russia prefer to retain their Russified names for practical reasons. Recent data shows 323 Kyrgyz residents adopted national surnames in 2024, but over 3,000 reverted to Russified versions, highlighting a complex relationship with identity and practicality.
Kyrgyzstan is witnessing a resurgence of traditional names amidst a broader cultural reevaluation in Central Asia, particularly influenced by geopolitical events. Legislative efforts to promote national identity through naming practices are gaining traction, though challenges remain for individuals who face practical difficulties in adherence to these norms. This overall movement reflects a significant shift towards cultural authenticity and national pride across the region.
Original Source: www.rferl.org
